Certified EkG technician (CET) Practice Exam

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What irregularity does the variation in respirations correlating with EKG tracing indicate?

Atrial fibrillation
Sinus bradycardia
Sinus dysrhythmia
Ventricular tachycardia

The correct answer is: Sinus dysrhythmia

The variation in respirations correlating with the EKG tracing indicates sinus dysrhythmia. Sinus dysrhythmia is characterized by a natural fluctuation in heart rate that is closely associated with the respiratory cycle; heart rate increases during inhalation and decreases during exhalation. This variation reflects the influence of the autonomic nervous system on heart rate, particularly the vagal tone, which changes with breathing patterns. It is commonly seen in healthy individuals, particularly in children and young adults, and is a normal physiological response to breathing. The presence of this correlation in the EKG tracing serves as evidence of the normal function of the heart in relation to the respiratory system, distinguishing it from other cardiac irregularities that do not demonstrate this relationship.